Rags: The Tiny Terrier Who Became a WWI Hero
During WW1 a small terrier braved the battlefields of the no man’s land. His name was Rags and this is his story...
During World War 1, a small terrier became an unexpected hero. This is his tale, etched against the backdrop of human conflict, a story of resilience, loyalty, and the extraordinary bonds forged in the harshest of times. Join us as we journey back to the battlefields of the Great War, where the smallest of heroes left an unforgettable mark on history.
Private James Donovan, adrift in the turmoil of war in Montmartre, Paris, France, found his fate intertwined with this little dog when he stumbled over what he thought was a pile of rags. This accidental encounter, as he was about to be arrested for being AWOL, led Donovan to claim this terrier, whom he quickly, and rather unimaginatively, named Rags, as the U.S. 1st Infantry Division's lost mascot. This ruse saved him from arrest. The military police drove him back to his camp and thus marked the beginning of an extraordinary partnership.
Rags quickly adapted to military life. Donovan, tasked with maintaining communication lines across the treacherous battlefields, trained Rags to navigate through open terrain that was often under live, heavy fire. The terrier, agile and perceptive, carried messages attached to his collar, becoming a vital link between advancing infantry units and their commanders. Rags' role was pivotal, often running through dangerous territories where wires were damaged or yet to be laid.
His heroism shone in July 1918. Trapped with Donovan and a group of soldiers, surrounded by enemy forces, it was Rags who braved the no man’s land, delivering a message that led to their rescue. His daring act cemented his status as a legend among the troops.
In the trenches, Rags developed an extraordinary behavior. He would crouch low to the ground at the first hint of artillery fire, his acute senses acting as an early warning system. The soldiers, recognizing his instinctive understanding of danger, learned to watch Rags for these cues, often saving their lives.
The brutality of war, however, did not spare them. During the Meuse-Argonne offensive, both Donovan and Rags were caught in a devastating mustard gas attack. Both Donovan and Rags were well attended to by army doctors. Whenever people questioned using vital medical resources and time on a dog, they were told it was “orders from above.” Rags, despite being injured and partially blinded, survived with his spirit unbroken. Donovan, grievously wounded by the gas, was not as fortunate. He succumbed to his injuries after their return to the United States, leaving Rags in a world dimmed by his absence.
After the war, Rags found a new home with Major Raymond W. Hardenbergh and his family. He lived out his days in peaceful contrast to his past, yet remained a living symbol of the war's sacrifices. In 1928, Rags marched down Broadway in New York City, a small terrier in the vanguard of the 1st Division's 10th anniversary WWI reunion, celebrated as a true war hero.
Rags' journey through the annals of World War I serves as a bridge between past and present, a narrative resonating with timeless themes of courage and perseverance. Through his remarkable acts of bravery, Rags not only saved the lives of countless soldiers but also indirectly touched the lives of generations to come. The soldiers he saved returned home, their futures and those of their children and children’s children forever shaped by the small terrier who braved the battlefields of war. These descendants, many unknowingly, owe a debt of gratitude to the courage of a small dog named Rags.
He passed away on March 22, 1936, at the venerable age of 20. His grave in the Aspin Hill Memorial Park in Silver Spring, Maryland, stands as a testament to his enduring legacy. The story of Rags continues to be told many decades after his death, a reminder of the profound impact one tiny, brave soul can have, echoing through the ages.
Unleashing the Past: The Incredible Journey of Dog Domestication
Uncover the mysterious origins of the first dog-like canids! Dive into their journey through the harsh Last Glacial Maximum and beyond…
33,000 years ago, an early dog-like canid wandered into a cave in the Altai Mountains, a range in southern Siberia. Unearthed by archaeologists in 1975, this discovery was a landmark in understanding ancient canines, thanks to radiocarbon dating techniques that accurately placed it in time. Similarly, 31,680 years ago, another canid ventured into the Goyet Caves in Belgium. The 2009 discovery of this specimen, also dated using radiocarbon methods, offered crucial insights into the domestication of wolves before the Last Glacial Maximum.
A little-known fact is that we are currently, right now, in an interglacial stage of an ice age that started over 2.5 million years ago. Known as the Quaternary or Pleistocene Glaciation, this era's Last Glacial Maximum, between 29,000 to 19,000 years ago, saw massive ice sheets covering the Earth, impacting the lives of humans and animals. Glaciers extended as far south as London and New York, transforming landscapes and ecosystems, with human settlements sparse and scattered.
We know these two specimens to be among the earliest evidence of dogs evolving from wolves ever found. These proto-pooches were no ordinary wolves. They sported a shortened snout and crowded teeth. This suggests they were incipient dogs, in the initial phases of domestication.
Most people have an idea that thousands of years ago humans tamed wild wolves, yadda yadda yadda, here’s my bichon frise. However, evidence suggests that these first dog-like canids are not the direct ancestors of our modern furry friends. Unfortunately, their lineages did not endure the harsh climate changes of the LGM. These discoveries challenge the traditional narrative of dog domestication. Instead of a single event of domestication through deliberate human selection, it appears that wolves naturally adapted to human settlements. This process likely occurred multiple times in various locations throughout deep history, but not all lineages survived, suggesting that ecological conditions and human lifestyle changes played significant roles.
But the Last Glacial Maximum changed everything. Its harsh conditions and the stresses it placed on developing human populations disrupted these early domestication efforts. Most of these initial attempts at taming wolves were unsuccessful due to the environmental and societal upheavals of the LGM.
Post-LGM, as the climate stabilized and human societies reformed, successful and enduring domestication efforts began to emerge, eventually leading to the domestic dogs we know and love today. These early, failed attempts highlight the resilience and adaptability of both humans and canines.
The evolving relationship between humans and canines is remarkable. From assisting in hunts to providing protection, dogs gradually became integral companions in human societies. This deepening bond is reflected in ancient art and artifacts, showcasing dogs beside humans and in honorific burials.
Genetic research has been pivotal in understanding dog domestication, revealing the diversity in modern breeds arising from selective breeding. This contrasts with the domestication of other animals like cats, horses, cows, sheep, and other species which were primarily kept for labor or food, highlighting the unique multifaceted role of dogs in human life.
As we marvel at the variety and companionship of today's dogs, we must also acknowledge their wild origins. Protecting wolves and other wild canines is essential, ensuring the preservation of the lineage that led to our cherished canine companions.
This story of survival and companionship teaches us that dog domestication is a tale of human ingenuity, natural adaptation, and mutual benefit, shaped by the forces of nature and human culture. It reminds us of the long, complex journey that has forged one of humanity's most enduring partnerships.
So when you look at your dog, be amazed by their presence in your life. It took untold generations of wild ancestors, human domestication efforts, breeding and sheer luck just for them to be curled up in your lap or take a crap on your floor.
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Unveiling the Majestic Grizzly Bear: Insights into the Life and Conservation of North America's Iconic Predator
Embark on a journey into the heart of the wilderness as we unravel the mysteries of the grizzly bear, North America's most iconic predator. Discover the remarkable resilience, cultural significance, and the urgent need for conservation of these majestic creatures. Join us in safeguarding the legacy of the grizzly bear and preserving the wild spaces they call home.
In the vast terrains of North America roams a creature that effortlessly encapsulates nature's raw power and meticulous artistry: the grizzly bear. From its profound cultural significance to its astute adaptations, the grizzly's tale is one of resilience, evolution, and a deep-rooted connection with its environment.
Scientifically denoted as ursus arctos horribilis, the origin of the name "grizzly" is etched in history, suggesting either the bear's "grizzled" fur, touched with golden and gray hues, or an allusion to its formidable demeanor. Throughout indigenous cultures of North America, the grizzly was revered not merely as an animal, but as a symbol of strength, wisdom, and spiritual introspection.
Nestled within the grizzly family tree is a unique subspecies: the Kodiak bear, or ursus arctos middendorffi, exclusive to Alaska's Kodiak Island. Larger and distinct, it is a striking representation of nature's ability to sculpt species based on their surroundings.
The grizzly's range paints a vast canvas. Historically widespread, from Alaska to Mexico, and from the Pacific Ocean all the way up to the Mississippi River, their territories, and their population, have been greatly reduced due to western expansion, human intolerance, market hunting, agriculture, and the loss of key prey species. Their current territory now stretches across parts of Alaska, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Washington, and even pockets in southern Colorado. In Canada, they're found in British Columbia, Alberta, Yukon, Nunavut, and the Northwest Territories. Their populations in the prairies are locally extinct and further population collapse is expected in coming decades. The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) lists grizzly bears as a “Special Concern” species due to characteristics that make them particularly sensitive to human activities or natural events. In Alberta, the grizzly bear is designated as threatened, while in British Columbia, it is blue-listed. In the USA, grizzly bears in the lower 48 states are listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Grizzlies face tough challenges of shrinking habitats and human encroachment. So let’s continue learning more about them and help support conservation efforts.
When considering the grizzly's size, one must account for territory and food availability. Coastal grizzlies, with ample fish and marine resources, tend to outweigh their inland counterparts. Depending on their health, sex, and age, adult grizzlies can span an estimated weight range anywhere between 150-800 pounds, or even heavier in rare circumstances. The weight of a grizzly bear can also vary depending on the time of year, as they typically gain weight in the fall in preparation for winter hibernation. Upon rising to their full stature on hind legs, well-fed, healthy grizzlies can tower at an impressive 8 feet or even taller! Distinguished from their black bear counterparts, grizzlies sport a pronounced shoulder hump and a unique concave facial profile. Their formidable bite, boasting a force exceeding 8 million pascals, is so potent it could shatter a bowling ball.
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Their distinguishing rounded ears separate them from other bear species. Their eyes are incredible with a special membrane that helps them see in the dark. The tapetum lucidum acts as a bio-mirror. By reflecting incoming light back through the retina, it enhances low-light vision. Effectively, it is doubling the light available to create an image, and while they won’t be able to register the same bright and varied colors visible in daylight hours, this evolutionary adaptation allows these giants adept nocturnal navigation.
Their senses, particularly olfaction, are their guiding compass. Able to detect scents from 20 miles away, they traverse vast terrains with precision and find available food with ease. In their interactions with one another, silent gestures often speak volumes as vocalizations are rare. Subtle movements, postures, and even the clattering of teeth convey messages within their community. When vocalizing is necessary, females will generally moan, grunt, or growl as a means of communicating with their young. Males do similar vocalizations, but also bellow loudly during mating season combats with other males. The posture and actions of a bear can reveal much about its intentions, both to other bears and to humans. A grizzly that is retreating, seated, or resting is signaling its lack of desire for confrontation. In contrast, yawning, avoiding gaze, and staying still suggest a bear that prefers to be left alone. Aggressive cues in grizzlies include ground slaps, ears pinned back, head lunges or sways, and charging. When a bear rises onto its hind legs, it's often not an aggressive gesture but rather a way to gain a clearer view of its surroundings.
From sturdy paws capable of digging through hard earth to claws designed for hunting, climbing, and fishing, every inch of the grizzly serves a purpose. Their claws can grow up to 4 inches long, the size of some human fingers, and are formidable weapons against predators or prey. Their incredible speed of up to 35 miles per hour is a testament to their evolutionary refinement.
Cubs, under the watchful eye of their mothers, engage in playful skirmishes, and mock fights that are rehearsals for the challenges of the wild. Grizzlies are adept swimmers, a skill they hone from youth and leverage during salmon hunts. In rare instances, they might even swim long distances to find new territories. Their paws even act as natural paddles, helping them move through the water.
With 42 specialized teeth, grizzlies are dietary generalists or omnivores. They feast on berries, plants, insects, carrion, fish, and small & large mammals alike. They are especially gifted at successfully hunting young moose, elk, caribou, and deer! Grizzly bears have been known to prey on domestic livestock such as cattle and sheep, leading to significant financial setbacks for some ranchers. Their dietary preferences shift with the seasons: come spring, they lean towards herbaceous fare, but as fall approaches, they prioritize calorie-rich foods like salmon and berries in anticipation of hibernation. Their behavior of caching food, a precursor to their winter retreat, showcases their keen understanding of seasonal cycles.
Contrary to popular belief, grizzlies don't hibernate in the same deep sleep as some other species do. Instead, they enter torpor—a state of reduced metabolic activity with a slightly lower-than-average body temperature. Even so, their bodily functions exhibit remarkable efficiency. In this state, they can wake quickly if threatened or disturbed. As winter approaches, bears undergo a phase of hyperphagia, amassing up to 400 lbs (180 kg) in anticipation of hibernation. Often, they'll bide their time until a significant snowstorm blankets the area before settling into their den, a tactic that diminishes the likelihood of predators discovering their shelter. Remarkably, during their hibernation phase, grizzly bears have the ability to "partially" reprocess their body waste, recycling urea into protein. This is an important part of their ability to go dormant. Without this ability, their bodies would continue producing waste until it reached toxic levels. While the Rocky Mountain grizzlies might sequester themselves in dens for almost half their lives, their coastal counterparts, blessed with abundant food sources, spend notably less time in such seclusion. In certain regions where sustenance is available all year round, some grizzlies even forgo their hibernation torpor altogether! Historically, the warm climate meant that the California Grizzly, now extinct, didn’t need to hibernate at all. In the stillness of hibernation, female grizzlies usher in new life, birthing cubs who thrive on their mother's milk, gaining vitality for the rest of their sheltered months. Remarkably, they neither defecate nor urinate throughout this extended period. Come spring, male grizzlies usually stir from their slumber in early to mid-March, whereas females reacquaint themselves with the world in April or the dawn of May.
Grizzly courtship and mating unfolds primarily between May and July, reaching its zenith in mid-June. Female grizzlies commence their maternal journey anywhere between the ages of 3 and 8, often welcoming litters ranging from a solitary cub to a rare quartet. A curious nuance in grizzly reproduction is the delay in egg implantation until the bear's winter hibernation commences. As winter deepens, typically in late January or the earliest days of February, dens echo with the soft cries of newborn cubs. These cubs share a bond with their mothers for 2 to 3 years. However, grizzly bears have one of the lowest reproductive rates among terrestrial mammals. The female, or sow, usually doesn’t reach sexual maturity until they are five years old, with some exceptions. It may take a single female 10 years to replace herself in a population! Sows typically see a decline in their reproductive capabilities by their mid to late twenties. The maternal instinct in grizzlies is fierce; they become formidable when their cubs are perceived as threatened. Cubs acquire life skills predominantly by observing their mothers – from the art of the hunt to discerning what can be eaten and what can’t. Tragically, many grizzly cubs face a precarious existence, with nearly half not seeing their second year. Threats range from natural predators and environmental challenges like treacherous river crossings to human interventions and even male grizzlies.
With a lifespan stretching up to 25-30 years in the wild and even 40 in captivity, the grizzly bear's journey is replete with many challenges and marvels.
In regions where grizzlies roam, it's paramount to safeguard food in bear-resistant containers, a vital step in diminishing potential confrontations between bears and humans. Venturing in groups of four or more substantially reduces the risk of bear-related injuries. For those residing in or exploring grizzly habitats, arming oneself with bear spray—a potent variant of pepper spray—is advised as a preventive measure against unforeseen encounters. And if I can help you learn anything from this video, it’s vital for you to please understand this: never feed bears.
In *some* instances when bears wander into human-populated areas or pose problems, they can be humanely trapped and relocated to more remote areas. Regrettably, the more prevalent outcome for grizzlies perceived as threats to human safety or assets is euthanasia.
Such dire measures often stem from bears being lured by unsecured food sources, resulting in aggressive tendencies or confrontations in recreational areas. With their position as a threatened species, it's crucial to recognize that feeding bears inadvertently jeopardizes their very existence. The repercussions can be fatal for all involved, human and grizzly bear alike.
With that lesson, thank you for journeying with us through the legacy of the grizzly bear. If this exploration resonated with you, do consider supporting our blog here on Momentsofpoetry.com or checking out our YouTube channel, liking this video, and sharing it with like-minded nature enthusiasts! These take a lot of time and effort to produce. If you’re interested in supporting my work further, I am a wildlife and nature photographer. I have many wonderful works of art here on this website for sale!
For further reading and my sources, please see the provided links below. Thank you for hanging out with me. I leave you with this quote by Frank Craighead:
“Alive, the grizzly is a symbol of freedom and understanding – a sign that man can learn to conserve what is left of the earth. Extinct, it will be another fading testimony to things man should have learned more about but was too preoccupied with himself to notice.”
Sources:
https://www.nps.gov/articles/hiking-in-bear-country.htm
Does California Have Grizzly Bears?
When did grizzly bears go extinct in California? Why is the grizzly bear still on the California flag? Check out this quick post and head on over to our YouTube channel for more amazing insights!
Once prevalent, the California grizzly (Ursus arctos californicus) was a massive animal, known for its distinctive shoulder hump, brown fur with lighter tips, and remarkable abilities like a strong sense of smell and a top speed of 35 miles per hour. This solitary giant symbolized California's wild past.
Sadly, relentless hunting drove this bear to extinction, with its last sighting in the 1920s. Today, it's uniquely commemorated on California's flag and seal, a poignant nod to a once-thriving species.
Born from the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt, the flag transcends its original symbol of independence, echoing the state's rich, lost biodiversity.
Now, this flag stands for more than history; it's a catalyst for wildlife conservation discussions, urging us to safeguard our remaining natural habitats.
In essence, the California Flag is a tribute to our past and a call to responsibly steward our natural world for the future.
If you like this content, please go over to YouTube and hit that like button. Share it with other like-minded outdoor enthusiasts! Together, we can build a vibrant community of nature lovers. What do you think about the California flag? Should it be updated since grizzly bears have long been extinct in California or should it remain the state symbol?
Let’s Talk About “Problem Bears”
Have you seen bears roaming around your town? Why are they there? In this installment, we explore the notion of “problem bears.” Join us!
When bears wander into campsites or property, they're usually not the prowling dangers people think. These majestic beings are on their usual forage, which might just intersect with our backyards as they occasionally roam for hundreds of kilometers. When a bear ambles into inhabited areas, it’s usually not danger trailing in its wake, but curiosity and hunger. 'Problem bears' arise from our leftovers or mismanaged food items; without them, bears have no business sticking around in human settlements.
Consider the 'nuisance' bear. Relocation or killing the bear doesn't solve the problem—it sidesteps it, leaving the next bear to take its place, creating a vicious cycle of conflict and potential violence. Remember, 'problem bears' are a human creation, born from the allure of easy meals. If a bear finds nothing to snack on, it will likely wander back into the forest's embrace.
Address the lure, not the bear, thus breaking the cycle.
In the end, coexistence is about respect and responsibility. For more on bears, please watch our full-length video on the Grizzly Bear (only available on our YouTube channel).
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Thank you!
Bear Bell Safety is a Myth!
Have you ever wondered if bear bells provided effective safety or deterrent while out in the wild? Find out here!
In the hush of the wild, bear bells chime from travelers' packs. But is this jingle a true alert or just trail trinkets? Let's jingle all the way through the facts and fiction!
Bear bells, while trendy, fall short as bear alerts. The United States National Park Service says:
Quote, “Bear bells may be a popular item to put on your backpack, but they don’t effectively warn a bear you’re in the area. Bears won’t hear the bells until you’re too close. Yelling, clapping, and talking are more effective ways of alerting a bear to your presence.”
To traverse bear country wisely, band together—there's safety in numbers. With a party of three or more, keep the conversation lively, laugh heartily, sing, or whoop loudly. Your voice carries the real warning, far beyond the bell's faint ring. Increase your volume by flowing water, trail bends, and in the wind. So gather your group, amplify your adventure, and safely savor the wilderness!
For more information about bears, please see our full-length presentation on Grizzly Bears, North America’s wild wonder (only available on our YouTube channel).
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Wildlife Photography
Discover the art of wildlife photography, where patience and passion unveil nature's hidden narratives through your lens, guided by expert insights on gear and techniques.
Bighorn Sheep
Wildlife photography is an exciting and challenging genre of photography that requires a deep understanding of the natural world, as well as a good deal of patience, skill, and creativity. Whether you are interested in capturing the majesty of a bald eagle in flight, the beauty of a butterfly in your backyard, or the power of a grizzly bear, wildlife photography can be a rewarding and fulfilling pursuit.
In this blog post, we will explore the essential aspects of wildlife photography, including equipment, techniques, and tips to help you get the most out of your wildlife photography adventures.
Equipment
One of the essential components of wildlife photography is the equipment you use. To capture sharp, detailed images of animals in their natural habitat, you will need a camera and lens capable of capturing fast-moving subjects, often from a distance.
Camera: A camera with a high frame rate is essential for wildlife photography, allowing you to capture rapid movement and fleeting moments. Look for cameras with at least 6 frames per second (fps) or higher. Full-frame cameras provide better image quality, but crop-sensor cameras are also excellent choices and can be more affordable.
Arctic Wolf
Lens: The lens you choose will have a significant impact on your ability to capture sharp, detailed images of wildlife. Telephoto lenses with a focal length of at least 300mm are ideal for wildlife photography, allowing you to zoom in on your subjects from a safe distance. Prime lenses can also be useful, as they tend to be faster and sharper than zoom lenses. Personally, I use a 100-400mm L series lens paired with a 1.4x extender. Extenders are an excellent way of being able to get closer to your subject. In exchange, however, you will sacrifice some image quality and focus speed.
Tripod: A sturdy tripod is an essential piece of equipment for wildlife photography, providing stability for your camera and lens and allowing you to shoot at slower shutter speeds without introducing camera shake.
Techniques
Once you have the right equipment, it's time to start honing your wildlife photography techniques. Here are a few essential tips to help you capture stunning wildlife images.
Get to know your subject: Understanding the behavior of the animals you want to photograph is crucial for capturing great images. Spend some time observing your subject, and take note of their habits, movements, and favorite hangouts.
Be patient: Wildlife photography requires a great deal of patience. You may need to wait for hours, or even days, for the perfect shot. Use this time to study your subject, where the subjects tend to gather or migrate, and plan your shots. Alternatively, just spending time in nature will offer many breathtaking opportunities. Get out there! Go for hikes where there are less people. However, always be prepared for treks out into the backcountry! You should familiarize yourself with bear spray and camping/survival equipment while bringing plenty of food and water. Additionally, you will always want to let people know where you are and how long you’ll be gone for.
Use a low angle: Shooting from a low angle can add drama and impact to your images. Get down on the ground, or use a low tripod or beanbag to create a unique perspective.
Shoot in bursts: Wildlife can be unpredictable, so it's important to be prepared to capture fleeting moments. Shooting in bursts, or using continuous shooting mode, can help you capture multiple images in quick succession.
Tips
Here are a few additional tips to help you take your wildlife photography to the next level:
Chipmunk
Use natural light: Avoid using flash whenever possible, as it can startle animals and create harsh, unnatural light. Instead, use natural light to capture the beauty of your subject.
Be aware of your surroundings: When photographing wildlife, it's important to be aware of your surroundings and stay safe. Don't get too close to dangerous animals, and always be aware of other wildlife and potential hazards in the area.
Look for interesting compositions: Experiment with different angles and compositions to create visually striking images. Use the rule of thirds, leading lines, and other compositional techniques to draw the viewer's eye to your subject.
Don't forget about the background: The background of your image is almost as important as the subject. Look for interesting textures, colors, and patterns to create a dynamic and engaging image.
Conclusion
Wildlife photography is a challenging yet rewarding genre of photography that requires a combination of technical skill, creative vision, and a deep respect for nature. I personally find it to be one of the most rewarding experiences of my life. My hope is that you will, too. Oh, and one more thing! Remember that if you pack it in, pack it out. Please, don’t leave garbage or equipment out in the bush. Let’s keep the wilderness wild and beautiful!
Bears Can Climb: Surprising Tree Myths Debunked!
Both black and grizzly bears can climb trees, shattering the myth of arboreal refuge in bear encounters. Learn the right way to respond on the ground – your safety depends on it.
Believing trees provide bear refuge is a myth. Both black bears, with their curved claws, and grizzlies, with their formidable but less curved claws, can climb. Black bears ascend 100 feet in 30 seconds and even fight in trees, where the lower bear typically dominates, using gravity against its opponent. This applies to human encounters, too, debunking the notion of trees as safe escape routes.
If you encounter a bear your response should be earthbound. Running or climbing provokes chase — instead, command space with calm authority, enlarge your silhouette, and retreat sidestepping with eyes on the bear. Carry bear spray, hike in groups, and let your presence be known audibly. Remember, in bear country, your voice is your best ally — so talk, sing, and leave the tree-climbing to the bears.
Discover more bear insights in our full-length Grizzly Bear video only available on our YouTube channel! If you like this content, please go give it a like and share it around with fellow outdoor enthusiasts.
Secrets of Survival: The Black-Capped Chickadee’s Winter Brain Boost
Dive into the fascinating world of the Black-capped Chickadee, whose brain expands in winter for survival. Discover this tiny bird's secret in our latest video.
Among the vast array of birds, the Black-capped Chickadee stands out, not for its flamboyant colors or impressive stature, but due to its extraordinary mental agility. As winter blankets the landscape, something incredible happens inside their tiny heads: their hippocampus, the brain region linked to memory, undergoes a growth spurt, expanding by nearly 30%. Why does this happen?
Throughout autumn, a Black-capped Chickadee meticulously stores away thousands of food items, hiding them in diverse locations: under leaves, behind bark, in grass tufts, and even in the ground. It's nature's pantry for cold months. And though we might forget where our keys are, they pinpoint their caches with remarkable precision.
This unique combination of brain growth and food caching ensures the chickadee's survival even during the harshest winters. While it's easy to admire birds for their songs or plumage, the chickadee shows that nature's real magic often lies hidden in the intricate dance of adaptation and survival.
For more incredible facts, check out our full-length video on the black-capped chickadee only available on our YouTube channel! And please, if you enjoyed this content head over there and give this Short a like! :)
Discover the Black-Capped Chickadee: Nature's Adorable Fluffball!
Meet the resilient Black-capped Chickadee, weighing no more than a AAA battery but enduring the coldest winters. Explore their fascinating behaviors, social hierarchies, and how they've captured our hearts in our newest story.
No matter where you reside - be it in an urban metropolis, a rural countryside, or a remote wilderness - you coexist with a diverse range of fascinating creatures. Together, we'll discover fascinating facts about various animals. Join me on this thrilling adventure!
Introducing the Black Capped Chickadee, a stunning bird that holds a special place in my heart as they frequently come by to say hello. Their melodious song is a delightful wake-up call in the early morning hours. These resilient little avians, weighing only 9-14 grams, the weight of a AAA battery, endure the fiercest of winters - usually without migrating. Interestingly, the northern population of these birds is nearly 25% larger than those living in southern areas. This bird's survival in winter is due to their highly efficient insulating feathers, which trap air close to their body and provide warmth. When the weather is cold, black-capped chickadees fluff up their feathers to maximize this insulating effect.
These chickadees grace Canada from Newfoundland to British Columbia. While they usually stay year-round, young chickadees *sometimes* embark on "irruptions" – sudden migrations influenced by food shortages or changes in habitat.
When you spot a black-capped chickadee, know that other species might look like it. The Mountain Chickadee, with a unique white line over its eye, is its close cousin. Sometimes, nature blurs the lines, and these two occasionally interbreed.
Chickadees have a fascinating "pecking order." Dominance here is all about which chickadee is the most aggressive. Males often have the upper hand, typically dominating females and adults dominate the young. Top-ranking birds benefit from prime access to food and the most secure locations, safeguarding them from predators. This not only ensures their survival but also increases the likelihood of their offspring thriving. While a dominant bird might intimidate, pursue, or even confront a lesser-ranked bird, these confrontations become infrequent once the hierarchy is set. They generally mate during February and March. Their courtship is a short-lived but lively chase around trees. The dominant male will match with the dominant female, and so on down the pecking order.
Nesting is a team effort. Together, they carve out a snug hole in rotting wood or sometimes use abandoned nests. Late April is special. Now with a distinct raspy voice, the female prepares to lay her eggs. As she incubates, the male, ever the doting partner, brings her food. She accepts the food from the male in a courtship-feeding ceremony where she crouches and shivers her wings. If danger approaches, her fierce hisses might startle even the bravest predator for long enough that the chickadee could make good an escape. After about two weeks, the young hatch. Soon after, they leave, already mastering flight basics. But the parents' job isn't over; they guide them through the ways of the world for a few more weeks until the young have learned to find food for themselves. After that, the adult pair will either leave the young or the young will go by themselves to join nearby autumn flocks within their forests.
In northern regions, chickadees typically roost in dense evergreen groves, sheltered from the snow and wind. At night, some birds retreat to available tree cavities to sleep alone, while others rest in the dense, top branches of evergreens or low down in bushy young spruces. It's like a bustling neighborhood of sleepyheads, as these clever chickadees often choose to return to their favorite roosting spots night after night. It's a cozy avian slumber party that proves home is where the roost is!
They forage for insects, berries, seeds, and even occasionally, animal remains. As cold sets in, conifer seeds become favorites. They love backyard bird feeders! But please, avoid flavored seeds or bread. A chickadee with a belly full of bread could very easily freeze to death overnight or succumb to predation due to lethargy.
The name "chickadee" originates from the bird's distinctive "chick-a-dee-dee-dee" warning call, which alerts their flock to potential danger. One of the most adorable facts about these birds is that a group of chickadees is charmingly known as a “banditry.” Perhaps it is because they look like tiny, cute robbers?
As we journey together, discovering the wonders of nature, let's also pledge to be its stewards. If the tale of the Black-capped Chickadee inspired you, consider supporting local conservation efforts or even setting up a bird-friendly space in your backyard. And don't forget to share this story with friends and family. And please, go over to YouTube and hit that like button! By spreading awareness, we all play a part in celebrating and preserving the symphony of life around us.
Wildlife Wonders: The Fascinating World of Marmots!
In our latest episode of 'Wildlife Wonders', we journey into the wild to unveil the whimsical world of marmots. These charismatic rodents, with their playful antics and intriguing habits, have more to offer than meets the eye. Join us as we unearth their secrets and celebrate the beauty of nature that surrounds us every day.
Get ready to experience an incredible adventure into the world of wildlife. Join us every week on a journey where we’ll explore and discover the incredible beauty and wonder of the diverse animal kingdom that surrounds us.
Marmots are a type of large ground squirrel native to North America and Eurasia. I am personally quite fond of them as they make fun and engaging photography subjects. I mean look at this guy right here. He sort of looks like a little mob boss, doesn’t he? And check this video out! Can you believe that? In front of my wife and without buying me dinner first. The nerve…
Did you know that there are 14 different known species of marmot? Marmots come in different shapes and sizes, with their average weight ranging from 3 to 7 kg (6.6 to 15.4 lbs). Some of the largest marmot species in North America include the Olympic, Hoary, and Vancouver Island marmots, with some individuals weighing over 8kg (18 lbs). The average length of their bodies ranges from 30-60 cm (11.8 to 23.6 inches), while their tails measure between 10 to 25 cm (3.9 to 9.8 inches). Their fur is long, thick, and slightly coarse and comes in various colors, such as yellowish-brown, brown, black, gray, and white. Marmots have a diverse diet as they are omnivorous, consuming grasses, flowers, insects, and even bird eggs if they can be obtained.
Marmots are part of a diverse group of animals known as rodents, which also includes popular pets like guinea pigs, as well as other animals like beavers, porcupines, chipmunks, squirrels, hamsters, and lemmings. Despite some people considering rodents to be gross or unappealing, they are actually fascinating and vital to many ecosystems.
Marmots are diurnal creatures, which means they are active primarily during the day. Some species, like the Hoary marmot and Alpine marmot, are highly sociable animals with family groups known as colonies. Each colony can have as many as 11 to 20 members! Other species, like the woodchuck of Canada and the United States, are solitary creatures that live alone except during breeding season.
One of the most amazing things about these animals is their adaptability to living in cold environments. They are exclusive to the northern hemisphere and have fur-covered ears, short, stocky legs, a bushy tail, and strong claws for digging. All species of marmot live in burrows that they excavate. Marmots are found in open country in mountains and plains, preferring mountainous meadows, steppes, tundra, and forest edges. The majority of mountain species construct burrows beneath boulder fields, rocky slopes, and crevices in cliff faces, offering protection from predators. These same rocks and cliffs also serve as perfect lookout points for the colony to warn each other of danger. If danger from predators does exist they will emit a sharp, piercing whistle to alarm their fellows and then escape to the relative safety of their burrows.
Now, let's talk about the winter. All species of marmot hibernate during this season. Most species do so deeply, but some may emerge from their burrows for short periods of time during mild winter days. During this hibernation period, they live on fat reserves accumulated during the summer. The hoary marmot, in particular, hibernates between seven to nine months out of the year! Their fat reserves amount to 20 percent of their total body weight. Talk about preparing for the winter!
Marmots mate soon after they emerge from hibernation. Gestation lasts about a month, and a litter is generally 4 or 5 born in nests within their burrows. Most marmots produce young every year, except for the Olympic marmot of the Olympic Mountains in the North West United States. Instead, they bear young every other year.
Unfortunately, not all species of marmots are doing well. The Vancouver Island marmot is a critically endangered species. They are concentrated on fewer than a dozen mountains in a small area of about 150 square kilometers on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The causes of their disappearance from northern Vancouver Island remain a mystery. Disease outbreaks, climate change, and sheer chance may have been contributing factors.
In conclusion, marmots are truly remarkable creatures that have adapted to survive in some of the harshest environments on Earth. From their hibernation habits to their social structures, there's no denying that marmots are both fascinating and important members of the animal kingdom. So next time you're exploring the mountains, keep an eye out for these furry little friends - you never know what you might learn!
If you enjoyed this glimpse into the wild, please comment and share. Next week, join us as we explore one of Canada’s most breathtaking parks.
New Year’s Resolutions for Photographers, Part 2.
Are you an aspiring photographer but need some help coming up with new goals for yourself and your art? In Part 2, professional photographer, Nathan Forstved, provides wonderful ideas for new year’s resolutions & goals you can accomplish all year long!
New Year’s Eve is upon us. With the approaching new year come new plans and fresh ideas! Here are the rest of the top ten New Year’s Resolutions for photographers.
6) Take photographs of yourself!
Taking self-portraits is an excellent way to learn portraiture photography, lighting, and the best ways to present your subject. In this case, the subject is you! Play around with your self-portraits. Find ways to make them interesting and unique to you! I have done everything from dramatic lighting to double-exposure photography. Those examples are below.
Self-portrait, double-exposure.
Keep it interesting! Photography is about learning!
Light/Dark Portrait
Learn everything you can about lighting!
You don’t need expensive gear to start your self-portrait journey either. The light/dark photograph I took of myself had a basic night light with a blanket put up in the background. But in order to get those types of results you’ll need to…
7) Learn Adobe Lightroom & Photoshop!
The magic of the image comes out in the edit. Filters and presets can only get you so far. Currently, Adobe is charging $9.99 USD per month on a one-year subscription license. There is a $19.99 USD per month plan that comes with 1TB of cloud storage if you don’t want to clog up your drives.
I highly recommend these two programs. There are free versions of photo manipulation programs out there that you can learn and tinker around with, like Gimp. However, nothing in my experience matches the level of professional results that you can get with Adobe Lightroom and Adobe Photoshop. They are industry standard for a reason and you get what you pay for.
You can learn a lot about Lightroom and Photoshop by simply watching and following along video tutorials on YouTube. Two of my favorite channels are Piximperfect and Blue Lightning TV. They both make learning photoshop simple and easy. Additionally, if you want to pay for courses I have found incredible success with courses on Udemy.
Learning Photoshop and Lightroom will bring that snap and pop to your photography that it lacked before. Plus, you’ll be learning a new skill and that is never a bad thing!
8) No Excuses!
I’ve been there. I know the struggle to keep up an aggressive routine. So whatever your plan is make sure it is something that you can keep up with in relation to your responsibilities, relationships, employment, etc… I took a social media marketing course last year that stated, “Whatever your goals are for social media, make sure you can keep up with your posting habits for the rest of your natural life.” This is an intimidating prospect to look at in the face. Until you realize that you’re the one setting your own schedule. Audiences love it when the artist is reliable. So set a schedule that you know with certainty can be accomplished. This goes for your social media postings as well as content generation. That means making time to get out and take photos, studying foundational photography skills, writing and developing your social media accounts, networking with other creatives, etc… This is the best way to learn, grow, and adapt your love of the art form!
9) Don’t Overthink Your Photography!
There are certain rules of composition that you should keep in mind when taking photographs. However, the learning is also in the doing. If there is something that you really want to take a photo of, do it! Don’t hesitate! Not every photograph you take needs to abide by the rule of thirds or the golden ratio. When I began I took photographs of literally everything I could imagine taking images of from textures to street photography, landscapes, and light painting. Get excited! Don’t get bogged down with all the homework of photography if you don’t want to. Remember that this is an art form and part of art is being creative.
10) Print your Images!
If you’re serious about photography then learning the art of printing is necessary. You’ll notice subtle (and sometimes not so subtle) differences between images being portrayed digitally and images that are printed. Additionally, you’ll grow to understand what your work will look like printed on matte paper, glossy paper, fine art paper, and even exciting printable mediums such as canvas, metal, textiles, and wood!
Seeing your work hanging on a wall is a completely different feeling than just looking at it on a screen. You’ll love the feeling of accomplishment! That will help fuel the fire within you to keep getting out, keep learning, and keep taking great images!
I have many more suggestions, tips, and tricks so please bookmark my site for future content! I sincerely hope you all have a Happy New Year! Leave me a comment regarding what your plans are for the new year and how you’ll evolve your photography going forward.
Thank you for being here!
New Year’s Resolutions for Photographers, Part 1.
Are you a photographer but feel stagnant with your art? Are you new to the art form and looking for some inspiring new year’s resolutions? Professional photographer, Nathan Forstved, has your back with these wonderful tips and suggestions.
In order to progress in any art form, I think it is essential to keep attainable goals. One of the most straightforward tools you can utilize is creating achievable new year’s resolutions. Notice that I have said attainable and achievable here. At this time of year, many of us over-indulge our imagination and think that somehow we’ll have more time in the new year or we’ll be more driven, less stressed, and somehow Hercules ourselves into a new way of life. Which is great to think about. You should indulge your imagination! However, when creating goals you need to keep them achievable. Too often we set unrealistically high goals for ourselves and when we fail to meet those lofty objectives, we have a tendency to shut down, halting most or all of our progress completely. It’s better to set your eyes toward smaller, more attainable goals to begin and work your way up from there. I learned this lesson in therapy and it has worked wonders in my life. Keep your goals realistic and attainable. Take into consideration your schedule, responsibilities, limitations, and stresses. Saying that, here are my top ten New Year’s Resolutions for photographers that you may choose to adopt.
1) Take your camera with you when you leave home!
One of the easiest and most achievable goals on this list is simply taking your camera wherever you go. It doesn’t even have to be a large full-frame DSLR, or mirrorless pro camera either. Most of us have some incredible cameras built right into our phones! Personally, I have had many moments in my life where I didn’t bring a camera and missed an incredible opportunity. I have missed taking photos of some beautiful animals, amazing sunsets, and awe-inspiring landscapes because I just didn’t feel the need to have my gear. Don’t make the same mistakes! Take your camera and equipment with you when you step out that door. You won’t miss an opportunity again.
2) Share your photos!
This might seem silly to mention but I have met people who are too shy or intimidated to share their photos. It’s true that you learn by doing, but if you are learning the wrong lessons with your photography it’ll leave you frustrated. I have discovered a beautiful community of folks on Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, my personal website, and many other places. Photography can be a social activity and through sharing your work you’ll also discover some much-needed critiquing along with positive reinforcement. The critiquing can come from professionals just looking to share their expertise with you. If you aren’t receiving that, seek it out! Leave comments on other photographers’ pages and ask them to take a look at what you’re doing. You’ll find many people who are friendly and willing to leave constructive comments on your work.
3) Begin writing a photography blog!
A photography blog is an excellent way to share your journey with others. You can also share your photos this way and because blogs are a longer format than the typical social media post, you’ll probably be able to open up some deeper dialogue with your audience. Plus, a blog will force you to think about what you are striving to achieve with your photography and art. You’ll learn more about the art form, have a wider reach, and have a growing catalog of work, both written and images, that will keep you proud and coming back for more.
4) Challenge yourself with various types of photography styles!
I may be a nature and wildlife photographer now but I started shooting anything I could think of. I even challenged myself in professional situations by getting into real estate photography and product imagery for local shops. I’ve done portraiture, pet photography, and sports photography! I eventually settled down with nature and wildlife photography because I enjoy it the most. However, having experienced all the different ways of utilizing this wonderful art form of ours taught me exceedingly valuable lessons. You’ll learn about lighting, what works and what doesn’t, composition, setting, and more much faster if you are constantly challenging yourself with various types of photography. Maybe you could even schedule a photography style calendar if that’s your thing. You could say that from January until March you’ll study portraiture, from March until May you’ll study landscape photography, and so on… Personally, I would suggest keeping it a bit more fluid and natural. Life will generally take you to where you want to be with your art form. However, some people thrive with more structure. Take your choice. :)
5) Learn how to use different lenses!
The first camera I ever had was a Canon 60D and my first lens was an 18-135mm that came with the camera. I used the thing to death. I used it for everything from portraiture to my attempts at wildlife photography. However, there comes a time when you either need to upgrade your current lens or expand your library of available lenses. Lenses are tools like any other. For wildlife photography, I eventually purchased a Canon 100-400mm L-series lens and got a 1.4 extender, too. That allowed me to shoot at 560mm zoomed all the way in which really opened up wildlife photography. On the flipside, I also purchased a 16-35mm L-series lens for landscape and real estate photography. I might not do real estate photography anymore but this lens opened that door for me. You don’t need to buy L-series glass to expand your lens library either. The very first lens I purchased after having the 18-135mm was a nifty-50, Canon’s 50mm f/1.4. This thing provides an amazing depth of field and it is still one of my favorite lenses. It retails for about $400.00 currently but you could definitely find it cheaper on the used market. Being able to learn what each lens brings to your artistic career will broaden and improve your portfolio. You don’t need to go bankrupt to get good glass either. You can find some amazing deals on eBay and other online sites. Just, please, make sure to be cautious and don’t fall for any too-good-to-be-true scams.
Join me for part 2 on New Year’s Eve!
In the meantime, feel free to leave a comment below and tell me your new year’s resolutions! I hope everyone had a Merry Christmas. Check back in a couple of days.
Photography Tips for Beginners, Part 1.
Are you interested in photography but don't know where to start? These photography tips for beginners will help get you on your way to taking amazing photos! In part one of this series, you'll learn some basics about shutter speed, aperture, and ISO values and how they can all be used to create stunning images. So grab your camera and let's get started!
Are you interested in photography but don't know where to start? These photography tips for beginners will help get you on your way to taking amazing photos! In part one of this series, you'll learn some basics about shutter speed, aperture, and ISO values and how they can all be used to create stunning images. So grab your camera and let's get started!
Get to know your camera!
When it comes to getting to know your beloved camera, the best thing you can do is take the time to learn what it is capable of. Cameras are tools. How well your camera takes photographs will be determined by your ability to properly utilize it and its settings. Many photographers will tell you to read the camera manual first to figure out what the camera is capable of. However, if you’re a beginner you might not understand the features anyway. Also, if you’re anything like me you really don’t want to stare at a manual for a couple of hours. It’s honestly terrible! In the age we live in, there are better alternatives! Therefore, I would recommend going to sites like YouTube and searching for ‘how-to’ videos regarding your camera make and model. Most likely someone out there has made an enlightening video regarding the features your camera has and how to properly utilize those features to the fullest. Knowing all of its features will come in handy when you want to experiment and explore new techniques without being overwhelmed.
Know the difference between aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.
Many cameras have automatic settings allowing you to simply point and click. However, if you are wanting to be more creative with your compositions you’ll need a camera that allows you to take manual control of its settings. The main controls that you will need to figure out are your aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.
1) Aperture
A lens's aperture is the hole that allows light to enter the camera. The size of the aperture in your camera's lens directly affects the depth of field and focus in an image. It can be thought of as the camera's eye, with the pupil size being governed by how much the iris expands or contracts. By carefully controlling your camera settings, you can determine how much light enters the sensor and produce dramatic effects such as manipulating depth of field. This allows you to choose which objects in your composition will be sharp and in focus, as well as create blur effects in the foreground or background.
Wide apertures like f/1.4 and f/2.0 let in more light, making the photo brighter. As you move toward narrower apertures like f/8 and f/11, the image will look darker due to less light getting through. Technically speaking, your pupils are equivalent to an eye's iris/aperture as they dilate when it gets dark outside (just like your camera's aperture widens) so you can see better.
Aperture also controls depth of field. Depth of field means the distance between the nearest and furthest objects that are in an acceptably sharp focus. A plane in focus while the background is out of focus is known as having a shallow depth of field. Wider apertures allow more light to enter. A shallow depth of field effect is more prevalent the more light there is. Low f-stops, from 1.4 to about 5.6, are used while taking pictures to create a shallow depth of field. You can blur the foreground or background of your photograph depending on your subject and region of focus. More light enters your camera when your aperture is larger, which results in a lower f-stop value. To prevent overexposure or blowing out the whites in your shot, your shutter speed should be quick and your ISO should be adjusted to match.
Here is an example of a shallow depth of field.
Notice the blur in the foreground and in the background. This photo was shot at f/3.2 with a Canon 50mm lens.
2) Shutter Speed
Photography is all about light and its utilization. Inside your camera, there is a curtain in front of your camera’s sensor. When you trigger the camera, the shutter opens allowing light to enter the sensor. Once your camera’s sensor has gathered light, the shutter closes, halting the ability of light to reach the sensor. The shutter speed controls the shutter. The camera’s trigger button is often referred to as a ‘shutter button’ because of this. Shutter speed is simply the length of time the camera shutter is open. With proper control over the shutter, you’ll be able to blur motion or freeze action.
For instance, the below photo is one I took with a long shutter speed. It was taken during daylight hours so I had to use a neutral density filter in combination with the shutter speed settings. This allowed me to properly expose the composition while applying the necessary blur effects to the water.
Notice the blur effect on the waterfall. This is due to a slow shutter speed.
Conversely, a fast shutter speed can freeze action. See the photo I took below featuring a bald eagle smashing a fish on rocks.
Notice how the eagle and fish seem frozen in time. This is due to a high shutter speed.
When you leave the shutter open for long periods of time, you get motion blur. This is known as a “slow shutter speed.” Slow shutter speeds are often utilized in landscape photography where one wants to blur the sky or water, like the photograph I provided of the waterfall above. Additionally, it is used in sports photography, action photography, and motorsports photography. Another use of a slow shutter speed is when a photographer needs to gather as much light as possible in low-light conditions, such as in astrophotography. See the below photo of the Milky Way which I shot on the west coast of B.C.
3) ISO
In the most basic terms, ISO refers to the sensitivity to light of the camera’s sensor. Cameras have varying ISO values so your camera might be different than mine. The lowest native ISO on your camera is your base ISO. This is important for you to know since this setting will, in basic terms, give you the highest image quality which minimizes noise. On my camera, a Canon 5D Mark III, I have a base ISO of 100. Yours might go below that or it might be a higher number.
As you increase the camera’s ISO value you heighten the in-camera amplification of the signal recorded by the image sensor. However, this has consequences in the form of grain introduced into the image. This grain is commonly known as noise. Too much noise and your photograph may not be useable.
For a beginner, what you have to know is that the camera’s ISO is used in relation to shutter speed and aperture. You should research at what ISO levels your camera model begins introducing composition-breaking noise. Which, to be fair, in this day and age of A.I. de-noise programs, may be exceptionally high. My camera is fairly good until it reaches ISO 6400. Admittedly, I have a somewhat older model camera. Your camera may have a higher or lower threshold until the noise introduced into your image is problematic.
If your ISO is set too low, you’ll have an underexposed image. If it is set too high you’ll have an overexposed image. You can adjust this by playing around with your shutter speed and aperture. Usually, if you are looking for a long shutter speed, like my waterfall or milky way images, you can set your ISO to a lower value. Alternatively, if you are looking for a short and quick shutter speed, like the eagle photograph, most likely you’ll need to have a higher ISO value due to the quicker shutter speed.
If you need to increase your ISO in low light, I wouldn't worry about it too much. If you want crisp shots, it will help you maintain quicker shutter speeds and improve your low-light photography. Higher ISO values, in my opinion, are frequently preferable. Despite the fact that higher ISO’s produce more noise, it is much easier to fix noise in programs like Adobe Photoshop or Adobe Lightroom than it is to fix drastically underexposed or blurry images.
Join me next time in Photography Tips for Beginners. In future releases, we will discuss gear, technique, locations, and more!
What kind of camera do you have? Let me know in the comments and please help spread the word about my little blog by sharing it. My social media links can be found below.
Thank you!